About the Bushing Model

Below is an outline of the frequency-dependent bushing model.
 
 
with
with

Constant stiffness in frequency-dependent term of F_lin:

The static forces are computed by the splines from the property file; this is the first term, , of . But the second term, , is computed with a constant value C1, obtained at the zero position of the spline.

Reference frequency at 15 Hz for loss angle

The coefficients alpha, beta, gamma are linear scaled to obtain the loss angle at 15 Hz. The dynamic stiffness can not be controlled. The stiffening factor is coupled with the loss angle. For example:
 
Loss Angle [Deg]:
Stiffening factor:
5
1.17
10
1.34