Synchronizer

Synchronizer Name

If creating a synchronizer, enter a string to define its name.

If modifying a synchronizer, enter the database name of an existing synchronizer.

If in Template Builder mode, the following option is enabled:

Mount Option

There are two options how to mount a synchronizer in model, explicit or gear pair.

With the explicit option the user specifies which parts the synchronizer should act between, where it should be located and for which gear number(s) it should be engaged.

By choosing the gear pair option, the user uses an existing gear pair component for mounting the synchronizer. I and J parts, where the synchronizer should be located and for which gear number is should be activated, has already been defined in the gear pair component.

Friction Ring

If Friction Ring is selected, the synchronizer will be modeled in two parts: a friction ring and a dog clutch. If the Friction Ring toggle is not selected, only a dog clutch will be modeled.

If in Template Builder mode and if you set the mount option to explicit:

I part

Enter the name of the I part on which the synchronizer will act.

J Part

Enter the name of the J part on which the synchronizer will act.

Construction Frame

Enter the name of an existing construction frame that defines the z-axis along which the synchronizer will act.

If in Template Builder mode and if you set the mount option to gear pair:

Gear Pair

Choose an existing gear pair component for mounting the synchronizer. Gear and shaft parts, location of the synchronizer and for which gear number it should be activated, is determined by the gear pair component.

If mount option is set to explicit, the Adams Driveline enables the following field:

Gear Number(s)

Enter for which gear number(s) the synchronizer should be activated

If you select Friction Ring, Adams Driveline will enable the following Friction Data fields:

Frictional Torque Start Time

Enter a (delay) time when the synchronizer braking (frictional) torque starts to act after a gear change has occurred. This value should be equal or higher than Dog Clutch Step Time if you do not want the synchronizer to start to act when another synchronizer is still partly engaged.

Frictional Torque Step Time

Enter a time to achieve maximal frictional torque, Frictional Torque Max, during synchronizer braking phase. It can be also expressed as the time to step up the synchronizer side thrust force.

Frictional Torque Max

Enter a maximal frictional torque value achievable during the synchronizer braking phase.

Frictional Torque Max Vlimit

Enter an angular velocity threshold value when maximum friction (torque) is developed in the cone clutch. Above the value, maximal friction torque is applied and below the value, a step function is used for scaling down the friction torque. The friction torque is now a function of the following signals and parameters:

Friction Torque = Frictional Torque Max * frictional_active_signal * friction_coefficent

where

frictional_active_signal = frictional_active_signal (gear_demand, Frictional Torque Start Time, Frictional Torque Step Time)

friction_coefficent = friction_coefficent (angular velocity, sign(angular velocity), Frictional Torque Max Vlimit)

Dog Clutch Data:

Dog Clutch Vlimit

Enter an angular velocity threshold value to trigger the dog clutch engagement. Below this value the gear and the shaft are considered to the have the same velocity, that is, the synchronization braking phase is finished and the dog clutch starts to engage.

Dog Clutch Step Time

Enter a time value to fully achieve dog clutch stiffness and damping after it has been triggered. It can also be expressed as the time to actually move the outer hub sleeve to the dog clutch teeth of the gear, after the synchronizer braking phase.

Dog Clutch Stiffness

Enter a torsion stiffness value which is applied when the dog clutch is fully engaged. The stiffness value should express the total torsional stiffness of fully engaged synchronizer, where contributors to the stiffness are those for the dog clutch teeth contact, hub sleeve contact, outer and inner hub sleeve structures, etc.

Dog Clutch Damping

Enter a torsion damping value which is used together with the Dog Clutch Stiffness

Geometry Data:

Geo Length

Length of the triangular shaped synchronizer geometry (cylinder object)

Geo Radius

Radius of the triangular shaped synchronizer geometry (cylinder object)